Hawaiian Sugar Plantation essays

Hawaiian Sugar Plantation expositions During the 1890s, manor proprietors conceived an arrangement to utilize and keep up their modest work. Early workers comprised of principally Japanese and Chinese starting point. Dread of strikes from Japanese workers happening and running their arrangement to proceed with the modest work to the ground made directors enroll different specialists from different nations. At the point when the provisional work framework was ended, the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association sorted out approaches to keep compensation low. One way they comprised their arrangement was to shape wage-fixing understanding between the estates. Indeed, even with laws and limitations conflicting with movement of more individuals from different nations, the affiliation just turned to different wellsprings of legitimate work.. They discover laborers from different nations like Philippines and Korea. At the point when strikes broke out, it was settled, for example, the 1920 strike in Oahu. Various systems were extempor ized and were kept up for a while to keep compensation low, however the proficiency wore out as various endeavors were made by workers to counter hit with their methods of reprisal. Many sugar manor workers were predominantly from China and Japan (Takaki, 25). Chinese and Japanese laborers were put on the ranch together to stage off the chance of questions or hits with manor proprietors. The main strategy they utilized was joining Chinese workers with Japanese workers, controlling a specific proportion of 2/third between the Chinese and Japanese (Takaki, 26). Their theory was that the fight or debates between the two races would possess them enough to keep them from causing a restriction upon the proprietors. Their arrangement to utilize Chinese to weaken the Japanese populace on the field was shot down after the extension of Hawaii to The United States Of America. Chinese outsiders were not permitted on the grounds that movement laws. Instead of the Chinese, Koreans were acquired with the idea that they had ill will toward Japanese. Korean specialists began to... <!

Balustrades, Balusters, and How to Preserve Them

Balustrades, Balusters, and How to Preserve Them A baluster has come to be known as any vertical support (frequently an enriching post) between an upper and lower level railing. The reasons for the balusterâ (pronounced BAL-us-ter) incorporate wellbeing, backing, and excellence. Flights of stairs and yards regularly have rails of balusters called balustrades.â A balustrade is a line of rehashing balusters, like a corridor being a line of segments. What we call a balustrade today is generally an embellishing expansion of the Classical Greek corridor for a littler scope. The creation of the balustrade is for the most part thought to be an element of Renaissance design. One model is the balustrade of the sixteenth century Basilica St. Subsides at the Vatican. Todays balusters are built of wood, stone, solid, mortar, cast iron or other metal, glass, and plastics. Balusters can be rectangular or turned (i.e., formed on a machine). Today any beautiful designed grille or pattern (designed after the Roman cross section) between railings are alluded to as balusters. Balusters as compositional subtleties are found in homes, manors, and open structures, inside and outside. The Baluster Shape: Balustrade (articulated BAL-us-exchange) has come to mean any arrangement of vertical bracings between rails, including shafts and basic posts. The word itself uncovers a specific plan goal. Baluster is actually a shape, originating from the Greek and Latin words for a wild pomegranate bloom. Pomegranates are antiquated organic products indigenous to the Mediterranean, Middle East, India, and Asia, which is the reason you discover the baluster shape in these zones of the world. Having several seeds, pomegranates likewise have for quite some time been images of fruitfulness, so when old civic establishments embellished their design with objects from nature (e.g., the highest point of a Corinthian section is adorned with acanthus leaves), the shapely baluster was a decent enriching decision. What we call the baluster shape was delineated in ceramics and containers and divider cutting in numerous pieces of the world from the most punctual civic establishments the potters wheel was concocted around 3,500 BC, so wheel-turned shapely water containers and baluster jars were all the more effortlessly delivered however the baluster was not utilized in engineering until a huge number of years after the fact, during the Renaissance. After the Middle Ages, from around 1300 until 1600, another enthusiasm for Classical plan was renewed, including the baluster structure. Engineers like Vignola, Michelangelo, and Palladio fused the baluster structure into Renaissance design, and today balusters and balustrades are viewed as the building point of interest itself. Actually, our normal word rail is a debasement or error of baluster. Safeguarding of Balustrades: Outside balustrades are clearly more helpless to rot and crumbling than inside balustrades. Appropriate plan, assembling, establishment, and ordinary support are keys to their safeguarding. The US General Services Administration (GSA) characterizes balustrade by its segments, comprising of the handrail, footrail and balusters. The handrail and footrail are joined at the finishes to a segment or post. Â The balusters are vertical individuals that interface the rails. Wooden balustrades are dependent upon crumbling for various reasons, including uncovered end grain from the assembling procedure and butt joints that are inclined to dampness. Ordinary assessment and support of an all around structured balustrade are the keys to proceeded with care and conservation. A wooden balustrade in appropriate condition is inflexible and liberated from rot, the GSA reminds us. It is planned with inclining surfaces to repulse water and has appropriately caulked, tight joints. Outside cast stone (i.e., solid) balusters will have dampness issues if not structured and introduced appropriately and if not routinely assessed. Balusters come in numerous shapes and estimates, and the nature of development and thickness of the balusters neck may influence its trustworthiness. The factors associated with fabricate are impressive, and it is savvy to utilize a firm with involvement with fancy and custom work instead of a precast solid firm which produces stock basic things, recommends preservationist Richard Pieper. The Case for Preservation: Things being what they are, the reason protect balustrades in open structures or on your own home? Why not simply spread them up, encase them in metal or plastic and shield them from ecological risks? Balustrades and railings are not just viable and wellbeing highlights, compose preservationist John Leeke and design student of history Aleca Sullivan, they commonly are profoundly noticeable improving components. Lamentably, balustrades and balusters are every now and again adjusted, secured, expelled or totally supplanted despite the fact that by and large they can be fixed in a financially savvy way. Routine cleaning, fixing, and painting will protect a wide range of balustrades. Substitution ought to be a final hotel in particular. To protect memorable texture, the fix of old balustrades and railings is consistently the favored methodology, Leeke and Sullivan remind us. A wrecked baluster as a rule is one needing fix, not substitution. Sources: Baluster, Illustrated Architecture Dictionary, Buffalo Architecture and History; Classical Comments: Balusters by Calder Loth, Senior Architectural Historian for the Virginia Department of Historic Resources; Securing An Exterior Wooden Balustrade, U.S. General Services Administration, November 5, 2014; Removing And Replacing Deteriorated Cast Stone Balusters, U.S. General Services Administration, December 23, 2014; Preserving Historic Wood Porches by Aleca Sullivan and John Leeke, National Park Service, October 2006; The Maintenance, Repair and Replacement of Historic Cast Stone by Richard Pieper, National Park Service, September 2001 [accessed December 18, 2016]

Level 2 Paediatric Emergency First Aid

CU1514 Pediatric Emergency First Aid 20 pages 1. 1 Identify the duties of a pediatric first aider. I should expect to safeguard life, forestall the condition declining, and advance recuperation. Obligation Description - Remain quiet at all timesAppear certain and consoling - Conduct a scene surveyAssess the circumstance without Endangering my own life. - Conduct an essential surveyIdentify and evaluate the degree of the Illness, injury or state of the setback. Take care of the requirements of otherEnsure their security and oversee youngsters or bystandersbehaviour. - Send for clinical helpAmbulance, police or crisis salvage administrations (as a first aider, I ought to consistently remain with the loss and send another person to call for help if conceivable) - Give quick, proper treatmentto safeguard life, forestall the condition compounding and advance recuperation - Take suitable precautionary measures to limit disease Protect yourself and setback by utilizing fitting methods and h ardware Arrange for additional, qualified clinical consideration Transporting the loss to emergency clinic or orchestrating clinical assessment. - Reporting and recordingVerbal and put down accounts, finishing mishap and occurrence reports - Maintaining emergency treatment gear, including medical aid packs Ensure hardware is state-of-the-art and emergency treatment units are very much loaded - Keeping fully informed regarding medical aid methods Take part in customary refreshing and preparing 1. 2 Describe how to limit the danger of disease to self and others.I ought to do the accompanying to limit the danger of contamination to self as well as other people:- * I ought to consistently wash my hands when giving emergency treatment * I should consistently wear dispensable gloves for managing any medical aid circumstances including blood or other body liquids (e. g. upchuck) * Cover the casualty’s open injuries with fitting sterile dressings * Make sure my own cuts or wounds are enough secured by mortars * Use suitable defensive hardware where my own wellbeing might be put in danger, e. g. face shields * Dispose of any grimy dressings (e. g. lood doused), or other emergency treatment materials, in fitting clinical waste removal sacks. 1. 3 Describe reasonable medical aid hardware, including individual insurances, and how it is utilized fittingly. Medical aid hardware for the most part comprises of assortment of provisions for directing emergency treatment, limiting the danger of contamination and individual defensive gear (PPE). An emergency treatment unit must be effectively recognizable and obviously named, typically with a white cross on a green foundation. It is significant that emergency treatment gear is effectively open and not bolted away, it ought to be plainly signed.The medical aid box ought to be checked consistently to ensure that nothing is harmed and nothing is absent. The substance of an emergency treatment unit may fluctuate somewhat relyi ng upon the approaches and methods of the setting. A few settings don't utilize mortars or purging wipes due to hypersensitivity dangers for youngsters. General first and packs ought to never contain drugs of any sort, even fundamental painkillers. First aiders are not able to offer meds to youngsters as they don't have the foggiest idea about the clinical history or any sensitivities the kid may have. A standard emergency treatment pack will as a rule contain the accompanying: * Sterile dressings of various sizes (e. . sterile cloth cushions, eye cushions) * Bandages of various sorts and sizes (e. g. triangular, roller, finger wraps) * Adhesive tape (non-allergenic) * Disposable gloves * Scissors * Tweezers * Safety pins * Disposable face shields * Disposable thermometers 1. 4 Identify what data should be remembered for a mishap report/episode record, and how to record it. It is significant that all settings complete a particular from to mishaps and episodes, these structures are f inished for this reason. * It is a legitimate prerequisite * It gives a record in case of entanglements (e. . following a head injury). * It educates guardians and carers. * It can assist with checking potential dangers in the setting. * It might be required as proof in associated cases with maltreatment of non-inadvertent wounds. Data ought to consistently be recorded plainly and precisely and ought to be marked and dated by the first aider. Some mishap report structures use body outlines to help in the depictions of explicit wounds, for instance, demonstrating precisely where wounding showed up or the specific territory where a youngster feels torment. The primary data recorded ought to incorporate:- Details of the harmed or wiped out kid (name, date of birth, fundamental contact subtleties) †Details of the mishap or episode (date, time, where it occurred) †Details of activity of treatment given (what occurred, degree of any wounds, treatment given) †Advice of furth er treatment suggested (e. g. emergency clinic treatment) †Information guardians and carers (when and how guardians have been reached) †Signature of the first aider, the date and time. †Information ought to be written in dark pen. 1. 5 Define a baby and youngster for the reasons for emergency treatment treatment.An newborn child is typically characterized as younger than one year and kid from one year to around 12 years of age. Notwithstanding, some medical aid treatment will differ contingent upon size and weight of setback and strategies ought to consistently be adjusted in like manner. 2. 1 Demonstrate how to lead a scene study A scene overview includes your underlying evaluation of the crisis circumstance and settling on the needs of your activity. Utilize your faculties to survey what may have occurred: * Look for hints (e. g. a vacant medication bottle adjacent to an oblivious kid). * Listen to data structure others (e. g. ther kids mentioning to you what occurr ed). * Smell anything irregular (e. g. gas or different vapor) When leading a scene overview, you should consider: * Whether I or the setback are in any peril (e. g. in the event that the structure is ablaze) * If the setback has any falsehood compromising conditions (e. g. not breathing) * If any spectators can support you (e. g. other youngsters or associates) * Whether you have to call for additional help (e. g. emergency vehicle, police or salvage administrations). Directing a scene overview causes the first aider to survey the earnestness of the circumstance and settle on the needs for action.It likewise help with choosing what further assistance, assuming any, is required, If there is more than one setback, at that point the first aider needs to organize treatment, manage the most serous first and recollect that the calmest loss regularly needs the most assistance. In calling for help, the first aider must choose what help is required and how to send for help, a few circumstan ces may include sending for crisis administrations, for example, emergency vehicle, police or fire and salvage. Different circumstances may require the help of another grown-up, an associate, administrator or manager. 2. 2 Demonstrate how to direct an essential review on a baby and child.Once I have led a scene study and chose your needs, at that point an essential study will give an increasingly itemized evaluation of the setback. To do this you should consider DRABC. * DANGER - If you have not effectively done as such, ensure the loss is protected. * RESPONSE †Ask the setback ‘Can you hear me? ’ or ‘what occurred? ’ If they react, at that point you realize that they are cognizant and breathing and I ought to resist the urge to panic, console the setback and proceed with my assessment If there is no reaction, at that point I ought to send for help and continue as follows: * AIRWAY †Open the aviation route by delicately tilting the head back and l ifting the chin.This will forestall the casualty’s tongue from obstructing their aviation route. * BREATHING †Look to check whether the chest is rising and falling, tune in for breathing sounds and spot your cheek near the casualty’s nose and mouth to feel for breath. In the event that the loss is breathing ordinarily, place them in the recuperation position, except if you speculate a spinal physical issue and proceed with your assessment. On the off chance that the setback isn't breathing, at that point give five salvage breaths and get ready to start CPR * CIRCULATION †Check the casualty’s beat by feeling the significant conduit in the neck, (carotid corridor) just underneath the stunning. . 3 Identify when and how to call for help. The prepared first aider ought to consistently remain with the loss and send another person to call to help. This takes into consideration first aider to screen the state of the setback and play out any treatment whenever required, for instance doing CPR if the loss quits relaxing. Never leave a newborn child or kid setback unattended. In the event that any of the crisis administrations are required, this ought to be finished by calling, 999.It is basic o convey the accompanying data precisely * Which crisis administration is required ( emergency vehicle, police and additionally fire and salvage administration) * A contact phone number (as a rule the number the call is produced using) * The specific area of the incident(Local tourist spots give a valuable guide) * The sort and reality of the episode (e. g. street car crash, school transport slammed into two different vehicles, hindering a significant street intersection) * The number and surmised time of losses included (e. g. five youngsters and one grown-up harmed, two kids in a genuine condition).Once you have managed the needs, you should now direct a progressively definite assessment of the loss. This will incorporate any data from the setback and the signs and side effects. On the off chance that the youngster is mature enough, ask them what occurred, how they fell and where they hurt. Other youngsters or observers may likewise have the option to give you data as well. You ought to consistently manage dangerous signs and indications first. For instance, evident and serious dying. A general assessment should start at the casualty’s head and work down the body. Make sure to move the casualty’s head and work down the body.Remember to move the loss as meager as could be expected under the circumstances and utilize your faculties to look, feel, tune in and smell. Utilize two hands to look at any contrasts between the different sides

Gilgamesh Epic Poem Essays - Discrimination, Hatred, Racism

Gilgamesh Epic Poem Be that as it may, at that point I pose the inquiry: what number men must bite the dust before we can truly have a free and valid and tranquil society?How long will it take?If we can get the soul, and the genuine importance of this experience, I accept that this country can be changed into a general public of affection, of equity, harmony, and fraternity where all men can truly be siblings. - Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Since the start of early human advancement, contrasts in races and societies have been a piece of society. Alongside these distinctions, there developed a disdain against what was not considered the standard . For a long time, bias, particularly as bigotry, has started many despise wrongdoings and wars. Over ages, individuals have concocted systems to battle these shameful acts in the best way that is available, regardless of whether it be considerate or savage methods of dissent. August Wilson's Pulitzer Prize winning play, The Piano, is set in the mid 1930s at a time when bigotry was spreading like out of control fire. The play investigates two powerfully various ways to deal with beating preference in America. Despite the fact that their methodologies vary incredibly, both Berniece and Boy Willie both find approaches to battle the issues related with living in a supremacist culture. Subjugation is still new in the brains of numerous blacks and whites during the ?30s thus are numerous cruel emotions. Berniece and Boy Willie tackle the bigotry of their time similarly their folks did. Bernice's character is fundamentally the same as her mother's, Mama Ola. She decides to keep away from clashes over bigotry at whatever point conceivable, regardless of whether it implies staying silent about subjects that ought to be tended to. She thinks that its simpler to hide out than to make a circumstance. Berniece sees the historical backdrop of the piano with a similar contempt and distress that her mom held for such a large number of years. In one of many warmed contentions with Boy Willie, Berniece says, Mama Ola cleaned over this piano with her tears for seventeen years...seventeen years worth of cold evenings and an unfilled bed. For what a piano?...To settle the score with somebody....and what did it ever prompt? more slaughtering and all the more stealing. When Boy Willie talks, one can nearly hear the energy and assurance of his dad, Papa Boy Charles' voice. He, much like his dad, trusts in the hypothesis: by whatever implies important. Boy Willie is happy to take the necessary steps and evacuate whoever holds him up; what's more, that incorporates disposing of any white man that represents a danger against his dreams. Kid Willie is glad that his dad gave his life to take the piano, with the carvings of his family ancestry's, from Sutter, the man who oppressed his distant grandma and his granddad. Father Boy Charles accepted that his family would consistently be slaves as long as Sutter still had responsibility for the piano. Kid Willie reveals to Berniece that she should disclose to her little girl, Maretha, about the story behind the piano with the goal that she can be glad for her granddad. You should write down on the schedule the day that Papa Boy Charles brought that piano into the house...throw a party...have a festival. Although their perspectives are like their folks, they are contradicted in their methodologies for managing prejudice. When prejudice is at its pinnacle because of uncertain issues on the two sides, the future for blacks in America appears distressing. In spite of the fact that bondage has finished, ruthless assaults against blacks despite everything exist and many are more regrettable off monetarily than they were as slaves. Berniece takes a gander at her way of life from a pragmatist's perspective with little positive thinking. She sees no possibility of development for blacks and communicates this when she says, I'm going to advise her [Maretha] the truth...you at the base with the remainder of us...that's exactly where she living. Berneice accepts that blacks are at the base of life and they may never beat their circumstance. In spite of the fact that she accepts that blacks can discover achievement; she feels that successs is constrained to the limits in which blacks are conceived. She follows the possibility that a few blacks allude to as the house negro mindset. This epithet was begat for those slaves who were OK with their ways of life since they don't saw anything great that could come from opportunity. Berniece accepts blacks should thankfully take what is given to them and work with what they get. In the event that they become to ravenous they may twist up with nothing.

Physical Education because your body needs problem sets, too

Physical Education because your body needs problem sets, too You can get a perfect GPA and lead every extracurricular activity on campus, but if you don’t pass a swim test and complete 8 Physical Education (P.E.) “points,” then you won’t receive an MIT diploma. Harsh, eh? That’s right, MIT requires you to graduate with a strong mind and body, while ensuring that you will not drown if your get knocked into the ocean while taking measurements of toxic algae concentrations while you’re on a boat in the Pacific (for example…) The 8 P.E. point requirement can be fulfilled by taking 4 gym classes, or by participating in 2 seasons of a varsity sport. The range of gym classes is really outstanding, some of them include: pistol, rock climbing, skiing (during IAP), swimming, ice skating, kickboxing, yoga, basketball, badminton, and tennis. Initially I thought this requirement was a drag, but my classes have ended up being a lot of fun. You sign up for these classes on the P.E. website through a lottery that lasts for a week. Of course, I always end up signing up at the last minute, and so I randomly rank classes that happen to fit in with the rest of my class schedule. My current gym class is Advanced Beginners Swimming. I signed up on a whim, not bothering to read the course description, since it seemed pretty self-explanatory and I just wanted to work on my form. I know how to swim, just not with any style or grace. So I showed up on the first day of class, ready to get some tips on how to improve my strokes, but it turned out that the class was designed to teach people how to swim well enough to pass the swim test. The swim test involves doing four laps in our Olympic-sized pool. You can take your sweet time and do whatever stroke you want; all you have to do is complete the required distance. Though I had already completed the swim test at the beginning of my freshman year… I took the class anyway. So, twice a week from 1-2 pm, I take a break between Organic Chemistry and Neuroscience to learn the intricacies of bobbing, breathing, “the crawl”, elementary backstroke, sidestroke, and more. The class is tiny; one teacher to about two or three students, depending on if it’s a bad week and people decide not to show up. Last Monday, I was the only one for a while. It’s actually pretty fun, except for today, when I learned that I completely lack the coordination required to do the sidestroke. Seriously =(. The teacher was pretty encouraging, maybe someday the right neurons will fire and I’ll learn this ever-important survival stroke. In the past, I’ve taken: Boot-camp/Conditioning: Taught by the same ridiculously hard-core, awesome teacher, these classes will surely get you into shape. I left the first few classes completely sore and hardly able to walk down the stairs. But by the end of the semester, our endurance had increased and we were doing sit-ups, push-ups, squats, and sprints like the pros. It was definitely the most intense of the classes Ive taken, one guy threw-up because he pushed himself too hard during our relay race! Golf: I was technically on the women’s “Varsity” golf team in high school and this gym class provided a nice opportunity to brush-up on my shots. We met on the athletics field and used a different club each class, while learning the rules and some strategies. -Ice skating: I don’t consider myself to be a terrible ice skater, but I was pretty bad in the class. They teach you awesome stuff like doing a “hockey stop” and cross-overs and backwards skating. Unfortunately, on the 3rd day of class, I had just gotten my ears pierced and when I took of my helmet it snagged on the earring and ripped it out! After that…I never showed up again. Yoga: The quality of this class definitely varies based on the teacher. My teacher was very focused on the meditation aspect of yoga, which was great for me since we mostly stretched and then laid on mats for 10 minutes for quiet reflection. Picture this: the lights were off, the ceiling fans were on, it was 5:30 pm so the room was dimly lit by the setting sun, and we were curled up and laying on our sides. Obviously, we would all just sleep, and to this day I fondly remember those 10 minutes as the best naps of my life. I actually haven’t completed my P.E. points yet, since if you miss more than 1 class out of 13 you lose credit, and somehow I’m really great at missing 2 classes. But, even when I’ve fulfilled the requirement, I’ll keep taking them because they’re fun! Also, they also force you to go to our beautiful gym and pool, and get your mind off of problem sets.

Portia’s Trick Theatrical Farce or Cruel and Calculated - Literature Essay Samples

It is often observed that William Shakespeare’s comedies feature some uncomfortable scenes that leave audiences unsure as to whether characters are participating in harmless, theatrical farce or a meaner brand of mockery that borders on the cruel. Such scenes involve trickery that seems funny enough on the surface but, upon closer inspection of the jokester’s motives, can slowly replace a reader’s easy grin with a look of bemusement and concern. In Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice, the comedy’s leading lady is no stranger to the kind of jokes that seem to take things too far. During the second half of the play, Portia orchestrates a prank in order to best her future husband Bassanio, to the somewhat troubling effect mentioned above. In Portia’s case, however, the trick was executed not with depraved intentions, but with the goal of asserting dominance over her would-be husband. Although Portia seems to love Bassanio, he presents a threat to both her autonomy and her control over her deceased father’s estate and riches. In order to maintain her power, Portia uses her trick with the ring to position herself above Bassanio, belittling him by questioning and attacking his fidelity, sexual dominance, and masculinity before finally revealing that all was done in jest.Portia’s first move in her campaign for dominance over Bassanio calls his faithfulness into question. Upon hearing that Bassanio gave his ring to the â€Å"civil doctor† who defended the men in their case against Shylock, Portia immediately denounces her future husband, calling his â€Å"false heart of truth† as empty as his ring finger (V.1.189). Although the lady then quickly invokes the threat of refusing to lay with Bassanio until the ring is found, it is not until later in her discourse that she fully utilizes sex as a weapon to subjugate her man. Portia first focuses on Bassanio’s lack of fidelity, turning his excuses against him in a mocking parallel form. When Bassanio tries to explain:If you did know to whom I gave the ring,If you did know for whom I gave the ring,And would conceive for what I gave the ring,And how unwillingly I left the ring (193-196). Portia fires back accordingly, matching each justification with a sharp rebuttal:If you had known the virtue of the ring,Or half her worthiness that gave the ring,Or your own honor to contain the ring,You would not then have parted with the ring (199-202). Never does Portia even consider Bassanio’s defenses; while she knows they are true, she has chosen to dismiss them in order to break her fiancà © down to a more manageable form. She emphasizes the importance of the ring, her own value, and the honor conferred onto Bassanio as the ring’s bearer before stating that he has sullied them all by forfeiting her prized gift to him. Portia makes clear her implication that she must mean nothing to Bassanio if he gave away her ring, a betrayal she claims would not have happened had he â€Å"defended it / With any terms of zeal† (203-204). Here irony and condescension drip from Portia’s lines. Finally, Portia begins in earnest to move sex from her cache of ploys to the front lines, claiming that Bassanio must have given the ring to another woman. In painting Bassanio as a faithless lover who committed a serious breach of trust, Portia gets Bassanio on the defensive. Her plan to make Bassanio lose the ring creates a situation where Portia possesses power and the erring fiancà © must try to make amends.Portia, however, will not grant mercy or expose her prank without first thoroughly belittling Bassanio. When he tries once again to convince Portia that he has given her ring to the â€Å"worthy doctor† and not another woman, Portia challenges Bassanio’s sexual dominion over her (222). Because he has so carelessly relinquished her ring to the civil doctor, Portia says that she â€Å"will become as liberal as† her fiancà © with what he owns through the contractual exchange of marriage: her body (226). She promises that she will sleep with this worthy doctor, if given the slightest chance. While Portia lays claim to her sexuality in this scene, she turns it into a kind of commodity, with a price equal to that of the ring Bassanio gave as payment to the doctor. Nonetheless, she does not fail to highlight how this would affect Bassanio. She implies how sleeping with the doctor would emasculate Bassanio and usurp his right to Portia’s body when she says that she will not deny the doctor neither her â€Å"body nor [her] husband’s bed† (228). In the patriarchal system in which these characters operate, the wife is seen as the husband’s property. Portia allowing another man into the marital bed would be a blow not only to Bassanio’s masculinity and pride but also to his rightful ownership of the property he came into through the mar riage ceremony (Portia). Her entire speech here reads like a challenge, as she taunts Bassanio with promises such as â€Å"Know him I shall, I am well sure of it† and warnings like â€Å"†¦watch me like Argus,† a mythical figure with a hundred eyes (229-230). This demonstration of her ability to deflate Bassanio’s power through extra-marital sex is another step in Portia’s scheme to conquer her husband-to-be. Portia has shifted her strategy from focusing on Bassanio’s mistakes and deprecating his character, to fully wielding the power she is gaining over her fiancà ©.Ironically, it is in pardoning Bassanio that Portia hurts him most. After endless apologies by Bassanio who promises to never break an oath with his love again, Portia seems to relent. She accepts Bassanio’s regrets and Antonio’s role as surety, before presenting him with the very ring that he had given away. When an astonished Bassanio realizes â€Å"it is the sam e ring [he] gave the doctor,† Portia speaks up, not with the intention of explaining away the confusion, but in order to execute her final act of power (257). In a line that rings of artificial regret and nearly offensive nonchalance, Portia says: â€Å"†¦Pardon me, Bassanio, / For by this ring the doctor lay with me† (258-259). This prank is by far Portia’s cruelest. It is true that the audience knows there is no doctor and that Portia has actually remained faithful to Bassanio, which grants the scene a touch of comedy and dramatic irony. Bassanio, however, is under the impression that the woman he is set to marry has slept with another man. By making it seem like she has made a cuckold of Bassanio in order to get the ring back, Portia succeeds in asserting total dominance over her fiancà ©. In Shakespeare’s time (and arguably today), having a cheating wife was the ultimate form of emasculation. The nature of a cuckold directs the shame, mockery, an d perhaps even the blame to the man in the relationship, as he is supposed to control his wife. Bassanio is furthered belittled through this trick as it implies that if he had not lost the ring to begin with, Portia would not have had to sleep with the doctor. Unfortunately, the audience never gets to hear a reaction from Bassanio, as Gratiano breaks up this power play of humiliation and deceit with the line: â€Å"What, are we cuckolds ere we have deserved it?† (265). This remark, which comically indicates that husbands are wont to drive their spouses to infidelity, marks a return to lightheartedness and normalcy. Portia, having fully subdued Bassanio, finally gives up her little prank. She explains how she was the civil doctor all along and, keeping up with her new good-natured persona, tells Antonio the fortunate reports about his ships. Portia’s timely announcement of this good news seems like a strategy to redeem herself to the characters and the audience, a ploy that helps the lot forget about her sadistic trick. Whether Portia reconciles with readers in unknown. Bassanio, on the other hand, makes it clear that all is forgiven, saying: â€Å"Sweet doctor, you shall be my bedfellow. / When I am absent then lie with my wife† (284-285). Unbelievably, after being berated for a plan that Portia set up and hearing that his fiancà © has slept with another man, Bassanio expresses no grievances. By the conclusion of Act V, Portia has successfully subjugated her man. The balance of power in the relationship has been determined, with Portia in full control. Through her scheme with the ring, Portia has questioned Bassanio’s fidelity, challenged his sexual dominance, and emasculated him to the point where his volition has been replaced with the sole need to appease his would-be wife. In her manipulative moves, Portia punishes Bassanio for his supposed wrongs before granting him forgiveness for an error she forced upon him. But is it not P ortia that is in need of forgiveness? The trick she employs to assert her dominance over Bassanio cannot be written off as a harmless joke. While at times they are somewhat entertaining, her machinations put Bassanio through emotional turmoil and distress that he does not seem to deserve. Portia’s joke is a prime example of purported comedy that is not easily distinguishable from cruel personal attacks.

A Company Profile Of Balfour Beatty Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1200 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Balfour Beatty provides world class services in infrastructure industry. They operate the lifecycle of infrastructure and have a strong position infrastructure markets. They have four brands in leading market-leading these are Professional services Construction services Support services Infrastructure services They provide main services in creation and care of infrastructure that includes investment, project designing, finance, management services, engineering, and construction services. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Company Profile Of Balfour Beatty Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Their main customers are in United Kingdom, Europe, United States, South East Asia, Australia, and Middle East. They deliver the highest level of safety, quality and technical expertise. Question No. 1 The companys gearing decision. You should also evaluate the gearing decision of the firm and comparing it with the theoretical and empirical evidences. Answer: Gearing: Gearing tells us about the relationship between the companys debt and equity shareholders funds. It expressed as a percentage and calculated by dividing the companys debt by its equity. Highly geared company means higher risk and means company unable to pay its large debts. There are several reasons of shareholders interest in gearing for example high gearing risk means that there is a risk on liquidation or insolvency, it increases the instability on dividends. If gearing is high then there is a low chance of receiving dividends is company liquidate. Credit agencies analyse very carefully in companys ratio before offering any loan because if company is highly geared they might not pay the interest. Calculation of gearing ratio: It compares the total borrowing of the company with amount of finance invested into the business. It shows the ratio of the capital raised through the borrowing. Following is the formula to calculate the gearing ratio: Capital employed financed means the total debt financed and share holders funds. Using this formula 25% gearing ratio means 25% of finance comes from debt finance and 75% from equity financed. Company is highly geared if 50% + of total capital comes from long term loan. Gearing Ratio of Balfour Beatty: Gearing Ratio Calculation years Non-Current Assets Current Assets Total Current Liabilities Non-Current Liabilities Total Equity Gearing ratio 2007 1673 1686 3359 2165 711 2876 483 147.205 2008 2378 2166 4544 2809 870 3679 788 110.4061 2009 2818 2576 5394 3044 1344 4388 1238 108.5622 Interpretation: Dividends policy Question no 2 The companys dividend decision. You should report on the companys current dividend policy. If the firm announced a dividend between 05/10/2010 and 09/02/2011. How did the market react to the dividend announcement? Compare and contrast yours selected companys policy to the theoretical and empirical evidences. Answer What is Dividend policy? A firm have different choices regarding dividend policy whether they pay to shareholders as cash dividends, how should be it distributed, and much the cash should be. In broader sense dividend policy also means to take the decision whether to distribute cash to investors via share repurchase rather than regular dividends. How dividend policy effect firms value? There are different views on how dividend policy affects companys value: Dividend increase shareholders wealth (Gordon 1959) Dividends are irrelevant (Miller and Scholes 1978) Dividend decrease shareholders wealth (litzenberger and ramaswamy 1979) Recent research from 1983 to 1987 done by cornell, Shapiro, prezas, ravid, says that there is a relationship between investment and financial decision investor stakeholders (suppliers, customers, banks, employees, distributers) influence the financial decision. Dividend policy of Balfour Beatty and reinvestment plan: Balfour Beatty aims over time to grow the dividend broadly in line with the growth in earnings, taking into account the investment needs of the business. The Board has recommended a final dividend of 7.2p in respect of 2009, giving a full-year dividend of 12.0p (2008: 11.1p adjusted), up 8% on last year. Underlying dividend cover for 2009 is 2.9, slightly lower than the cover of 3.1 last year but the Board believes that this is reasonable given the strength of the Groups cash reserves and future prospects. Balfour Beatty has a dividend reinvested plan which allows their ordinary shareholders to reinvest their cash dividends in companys share from through specially arranged share dealing services. Dividends paid over the years Financial Calendar of Balfour Beatty of 2010 Date Event 1 January Preference dividend payable 4 March 2009 Prelim announcement 21 April Ordinary: ex-dividend date 23 April Ordinary: record date 12 May AGM and provisional date for trading update 26 May Preference: ex-dividend date 28 May Preference: record date 1 June Ordinary: last date for form of election (DRIP) 1 July Preference dividend payable July Interim Management Statement 5 July Ordinary: payment date 11 August Half-year results announcement 6 October Interim ordinary: ex-dividend date 8 October Interim ordinary: record date 3 November Final date for DRIP mandate forms in respect of interim ordinary dividend 11 November Interim Management Statement 24 November Preference: ex-dividend date 26 November Preference: record date 3 December Interim ordinary: dividend payment date For 2011 Date Event 1 January Preference dividend payable 13 January Update on trading for year ended 31 December 2010 3 March 2010 full-year results announcement 12 May Annual General Meeting 17 August 2011 half-year results announcement Question no 3 The companys working capital management. By using appropriate ratio analysis evaluate your selected companys management of working capital. Where are its strengths and weaknesses? Compare and contrast with relevant theoretical and empirical literature. Answer Working Capital Management Working capital is a financial tool which helps to understand the operating liquidity available to the organization including government entity. Working capital measures the organization health and efficiency. If working capital of the organization is positive it means that company is able to pay its short term liabilities. But if working capital is negative its means that company is not able to pay its short term liabilities this could be dangerous for company and also affect its market value and share price. Ratios: A financial ratio is a key to understand the financial situation of the company. Most of the ratios are calculated from the information given in the financial statements. Financial ratio can be used by the managers to help in decision making that will help shareholders, creditors, and financial markets. It helps them to understand the strength and weakness of the company. If shares of the company traded in financial market the share price is also used. There are different types of financial ratios Profitability ratio Liquidity ratio Assets turnover ratio Financial leverage ratio Dividend policy ratio Profitability Ratio: It used to measure the companys used of assets and control over the expenses and generate a good rate of return. It measures the success of the firm on profit generating. Profitability ratios calculated as follows: 31/12/2009 GBP 31/12/2008 GBP 31/12/2007 GBP 31/12/2006 GBP 31/12/2005 GBP Profitability ratios Return on Shareholders Funds (%) 26.65 31.36 32.51 32.30 48.29 Return on Capital Employed (%) 11.36 15.56 13.15 12.78 16.32 Return on Total Assets (%) 4.95 5.94 4.67 4.85 6.29 Profit margin (%) 2.98 3.27 2.43 2.79 3.67 Gross margin (%) 8.72 7.66 7.33 8.16 7.69 Berry ratio (x) 1.38 1.39 1.20 2.04 1.80 EBIT margin (%) 2.39 2.17 1.21 2.76 3.41 EBITDA margin (%) 3.72 3.28 2.12 4.10 4.59 Liquidity ratio: It shows the firms ability to meet its short term liabilities and availability of cash to pay its debts. There are two types of liquidity ratio Ratios   2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 Current ratio (x) 0.85 0.77 0.78 0.80 0.90 Liquidity ratio (x) 0.81 0.73 0.75 0.75 0.86 Assets turnover ratio It shows that how efficiently a company uses its assets and generate revenue or sales for the company. Following is the formula to calculate it Financial leverage ratio: Dividend policy ratio: Dividend policy ratio tells about the dividend policy of the company and future growth. There are two different ratio method used to calculate this: Balfour Beatty Trading Update Results for 2010 Balfour Beatty plc will announce their trading results for the year ended 31st December 2010 on 3rd of March 2011. Trading: Their overall performance is regular with their plans. They book high quality book order of  £15 billion which shows the strength of their expertise in technical and integrated solutions. Operational performance: In professional services, performance is more then there