Vce It Applications Unit 3 Outcome 1

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | IT Applications Unit 3 Outcome 1 Revision Notes| | | | IT VCE Feb 2013| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | IT Applications Unit 3 Outcome 1 Revision Notes| | | | IT VCE Feb 2013| Table of Contents Revision2 Section 1 – Purpose of a Website2 Blogs2 Chat Rooms2 Forums3 Social Networking3 Wikis3 Section 2 – Websites and Data4 Why Organisations Acquire Data Via Websites4Why Individuals and Organisation Supply Data Via Websites4 Techniques for Acquiring Data on Websites4 Techniques for protecting the rights of individuals and organisations supplying data4 CSS/CMS5 Static Websites5 Dynamic Websites5 Content Management Systems5 Introduction5 Content Creation5 Content Management6 Publishing6 Presentation6 Pros and Cons7 Software7 Cascading S tyled Sheets (CSS)7 IntroductionError! 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Revision Section 1 – Purpose of a Website * To provide information and news (inform)Static Website (no interaction) * To promote an opinion (persuade)Blog To teach (educate)Wiki * To answer questionsForum * To entertain * To provide information and news (inform) * To promote an opinion (persuade) * To teach (educate) * To answer questions * To entertain Blogs * Diary entries, commentary, news, pictures and videos * Mainly one way communication * Have feedback so readers can leave comment * Most are text based * Examples Videoshttp://ryanedit. blogspot. com. au Audiohttp://www. abc. net. au/services/poadcasting Photoshttp://www. photoblog. com/stuartbarbara * Technorati (http://technorati. com )is a popular search engine Chat Rooms Online messaging services * Communication in real time (synchronous – existing or occurring at same time) * Many are commercial * Let communities interact quickly * Textbox, Scrolli ng Window * To join need to register, given a username and password for security * Avatar is an identity/nickname users assumes to protect their name * Moderator is a person who monitors communication to ensure people follow rules, they have power to ban, discipline, warn and educate users. * Rules No abusing No trolling (deliberately post inflammatory messages to get a reaction) Don’t flood Example: http://www. wireclub. com Forums * Also known as message boards * Multi-user threaded message application * Posted messages is form of conversation between users * Thread is a continuous conversation/post & replies on a specific topic * Hierarchical – forums divided into boards (main topics) and sub-boards (sub-topics) * Example: http://forums. whirlpool. net. au * Have their own netiquette/etiquette/rules: No spamming (flooding server with data) Posts must be on-topic (OT) Personal Arguments with individuals should be taken No trolling No abusing Read rules Give posts tit lesBanned topics not to be used Social Networking * Sites allow people to communicate with others * Present information about themselves * Some are special-interest (e. g. green living, Indian people, genealogy, teenagers) * Others (e. g. Facebook, Twitter) have no specific theme. * Have a profile page * Problems: Stalking Grooming Posting Persona Information Posts will last forever Employers have sacked workers Wikis * Examples: Wikipedia, Wikispaces * Online software tools that let a group of people contribute to the development of a document or knowledge base. * Needs some control over editings Prevent accidental or deliberate damage to the aggregated information. * Wikipedia – anonymous edits need to be approved by a moderator. * Controversial topics may be locked so only registered user, or specific users can edit them. Section 2 – Websites and Data Why Organisations Acquire Data Via Websites * Cheap * 24 hour customer access * Instant * Efficiency * Effectiveness Increased accuracy if visitors enter own data Less chance of error Can be processed automatically once entered Type data easier to read * Access to global market * Can use prompts (* – shift+8) to collect right data Can use controls radio buttons to enforce data integrity * Use validation tools to make sure it’s in right format (DOB – dd/mm/yy) * People are put off by having to email, write or phone Why Individuals and Organisation Supply Data Via Websites * Purchasing of goods and Services * Social Networking * Exchanging Information * Immediate results * Anonymity * Voting/Polls Techniques for Acquiring Data on Websites * Collating data from entries in a web form * Providing a web forum * Online chat Techniques for protecting the rights of individuals and organisations supplying data * security protocolsSSL or TLS encryption. Transport Layer Security  (TLS) and its predecessor,  Secure Sockets Layer  (SSL), provide communication  security  over theà ‚  Internet * File encryption * Logins with usernames and passwords. * Using Captcha to deter robotic logins. * Automatic timeout of idle connections. Very commom in the financial sector * Requiring strong passwords CSS/CMS Static Websites * Each page is produced by hand, using GUI web editor (e. g. Dreamweaver) or raw HTML code * Pages never change without being edited * Can be dull and unresponsive to current conditions Imagine a static eBay site where the finishing time of all auctions had to be entered by hand every second. Dynamic Websites * Constantly changing – e. g. eBay * Can respond to events and the profile of the user * Can be achieved to a degree with Javascript (e. g. a countdown timer on a static page) Content Management Systems Introduction A content management system (CMS) supports the creation, management, distribution, publishing, and discovery of corporate information. It covers the complete lifecycle of the pages on your site, from providing simple tools to create the content, through to publishing, and finally to archiving.It also provides the ability to manage the structure of the site, the appearance of the published pages, and the navigation provided to the users. The functionality of a content management system can be broken down into several main categories: * content creation * content management * Publishing * presentation Content Creation At the front of a content management system is an easy-to-use authoring environment, designed to work like Word. This provides a non-technical way of creating new pages or updating content, without having to know any HTML.The CMS also allows you to manage the structure of the site. That is, where the pages go, and how they are linked together. Many even offer simple drag-and-drop restructuring of the site, without breaking any links. Almost all content management systems now provide a web-based authoring environment, which further simplifies implementation, and allows content updating to b e done remotely. Content Management Once a page has been created, it is saved into a central repository in the CMS. This stores all the content of the site, along with the other supporting details.This central repository allows a range of useful features to be provided by the CMS: Keeping track of all the versions of a page, and who changed what and when. Ensuring that each user can only change the section of the site they are responsible for. Integration with existing information sources and IT systems. Publishing Once the final content is in the repository, it can then be published out to either the website or intranet. Content management systems boast powerful publishing engines which allow the appearance and page layout of the site to be applied automatically during publishing.It may also allow the same content to be published to multiple sites. Of course, every site looks different, so the CMS lets the graphic designers and web developers specify the appearance that is applied by the system. These publishing capabilities ensure that the pages are consistent across the entire site, and enable a very high standard of appearance. This also allows the authors to concentrate on writing the content, by leaving the look of the site entirely to the CMS. Presentation The content management system can also provide a number of features to enhance the quality and effectiveness of the site itself.As an example, the CMS will build the site navigation for you, by reading the structure straight out of the content repository. It also makes it easy to support multiple browsers, or users with accessibility issues. The CMS can be used to make your site dynamic and interactive, thereby enhancing the site’s impact. * Examples – WordPress, Joomla, Drupal Videos to Watch * http://www. youtube. com/watch? feature=player_detailpage&v=VdvEdMMtNMY * http://www. youtube. com/watch? feature=player_detailpage&v=jexUS43sdeQ * http://www. youtube. com/watch? feature=player_ detailpage&v=VdvEdMMtNMY * http://www. outube. com/watch? feature=player_detailpage&v=RUSAJ_2ZqNI * Database-driven software that creates pages when needed and tailor-makes them for the time, the circumstances, the user * The CMS fetches content (e. g. text, data, pictures) from the database and creates a webpage with pre-defined formatting chosen by the webmaster. * The same pages might look different for each person viewing it (e. g. their ‘My eBay’ pages, or their Facebook pages. ) Pros and Cons Pros * Site maintenance is far easier and quicker * Sites become dynamic and pages change automatically Easier to manage assets (pictures etc) * Better looking sites * Site has a consistent appearance across all pages * Far less chance of 404 errors or bad links Cons * Must install CMS software onto your webserver – some are expensive * Must learn how to use the CMS * Can be expensive/slow to convert an existing static site to CMS Software Webmaster creates content (e. g. body text) Media (pix, videos etc) are stored in the database The CMS combines content, media, formatting to create web pages which are sent to the visitor’s browser Cascading Styled Sheets (CSS) CSS * Instead of repetitively formatting lots of types of text in the same way, define the formatting in a CSS file and just mark text with the style it needs * To change the look of main headings, change the definition of HEADING1 once in the CSS file. * Don’t have to find and change every piece of HEADING1 text across the site * Far quicker, easier * Creates consistently formatted sites * E. g. CSS file contains â€Å"Heading 1 = Bold, TNR, size 20† * In a webpage, some text is tagged as being â€Å"Heading 1† style. CSS Tutorial * http://www. w3schools. com/css/